All thinking

Coaching & Leadership

Why We Delay Difficult Conversations

When the real issue is not only what to say

11 September 2026Updated 5 min readPractice essay
A manager listening across the table during a one-to-one conversation

Core question

How can I speak clearly and respectfully with an underperforming employee?

In brief

When an employee is underperforming, clarify observable facts, expectations and the reason for delay before scripting feedback. Coaching helps the manager own the dialogue; it does not replace performance management.

01

The question is not always only “What should I say?”

In several coaching sessions with managers, the conversation has started in almost the same place:

“How do I give this feedback?”

It is a completely reasonable question.

They may want a better opening or clearer feedback.

Yet after exploring, the issue is not always what to say.

Sometimes the manager already knew.

They recognised the behaviour that needed to change, their expectation was fairly clear, and they may even have rehearsed the conversation in their mind more than once.

And still, the conversation did not happen.

That is where another question becomes important for me:

What has kept this conversation from happening until now?

02

A difficult conversation is not always a skills problem

When a conversation feels hard, it is natural to reach for technique.

How should I open?

Which words should I use?

How do I give feedback without making the other person defensive?

Those questions matter. They are not always the first question.

Before choosing a technique, understand what creates the delay.

In coaching, the question may be:

“When you think about having this conversation, what becomes difficult for you?”

Or:

“What has kept you from having this conversation until now?”

The client may talk about concern for the relationship.

They may talk about the other person’s likely reaction.

They may say they are still not sure they are right.

Or something entirely different may surface.

The point, for me, is that the coach should not decide in advance why the delay exists.

If we ask from the outset, “What are you afraid of?” when the client has not named fear at all, we are importing an interpretation into the conversation.

But if the client themselves says, “I think I’m afraid the relationship will be damaged,” then we can ask:

“When you talk about fear of damaging the relationship, what comes up in your mind?”

Here the question grows from language the client has already brought in, not from the coach’s assumption.

That small difference is, for me, one of the important differences between coaching and diagnosing the issue from the outside.

03

Three questions before the next conversation

If there is a conversation you have been postponing for a while, these three questions may be worth considering before you search for the perfect sentence:

1. What has kept this conversation from happening until now?

2. What needs to become clear in this conversation?

3. If nothing changes after the conversation, what is my responsibility as a manager?

The answers may help clarify what conversation is actually needed.

And sometimes they may reveal that the issue is different from what we first imagined.

For me, that is where coaching can create value.

Not by writing a sentence for the manager to memorise and deliver in the meeting.

But by helping them see the situation more precisely, make a more conscious choice, and own the responsibility that comes with that choice.

A difficult conversation may still remain difficult.

The aim of coaching is not necessarily to make it easy.

Sometimes the aim is simply for the manager to see more clearly:

What needs to be said, why saying it has become hard, and what kind of manager they want to be in this situation.

For performance feedback, first separate observable evidence from interpretation, then name the expectation and gap. 'They lack motivation' is a guess, not evidence.

A hypothetical opening: 'The last two deliverables missed the agreed dates. What got in the way, and how can we meet the expectation next time?' This is an illustration, not a client case.

Listen for unclear priorities, missing resources and performance gaps without choosing the cause in advance. Agree the next action, owner and review date. This is the manager's responsibility; coaching prepares them to take it, rather than replacing performance management.

Research sources

Questions to carry forward

  1. 01What has kept this conversation from happening until now?
  2. 02What needs to become clear in this conversation?
  3. 03If nothing changes after the conversation, what is my responsibility as a manager?

Related reflective check

If you already know the conversation is waiting, the simulator is a place to practice the choices before searching for the perfect sentence. Difficult Conversation Simulator

Related practice

If this question is live in your role, see Executive coaching.

Bring a live question

If this connects to a situation you are carrying, start with the situation itself.